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Gate Control Theory of Pain
This theory of pain Perception argues that incoming pain signals are moderated by a neural gate in the spinal cord. The opening and closing of the gate is influenced by messages that descend from the Brain and from activity in the pain fibres and other sensory nerves.
Gate Control Theory was first proposed by Melzack and Wall in the 1960s
The gate theory of pain attempts to combine a Physiological and psychological approach to pain
The theory argues that the Nerve impulses which produce pain pass through a series of 'gates' on their way to the brain, and that these gates are influenced by messages descending from the Brain and by other information that we are receiving. Below is a table, which shows some of the conditions that can open or close the pain gate.
| Conditions that open the gate |
Conditions that close the gate |
| Physical conditions Extent of the injury Inappropriate activity level |
Physical conditions Medication Counter stimulation, e.g. massage |
| Emotional conditions Anxiety or worry Tension Depression |
Emotional Conditions Positive emotions Relaxation Rest |
| Mental conditions Focusing on pain Boredom |
Mental conditions Intense concentration or distraction Involvement and interest in life activities |
